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To learn about the topography of Bulgaria it is important to delve into the other aspects of the country's geography because there are a number of geographical factors that determine the physical features of the land. Ranging from mountains to lowlands, the Bulgarian topography is varied and undulated. Bordered by Greece, Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Macedonia and Montenegro, Bulgaria has a topography that represents years of geographical transformations.
The topography of Bulgaria features a part of the Danubian plain, Balkan range, a portion of Thracian lowland and mountainous regions of Macedonian-Thracian massif. Bulgaria comprises massive mountains including Rila, Pirin, Vitosha, Stara Planina and Rhodopes. Occupying almost half of the country's area and with an altitude rising to more than 1600 meters, the mountains make up the major portion of the topography in Bulgaria.
Rivers, which constitute a significant aspect of the Bulgarian terrain, originate at the higher altitudes of the imposing mountains and flow into the Black Sea, that forms the eastern boundary of the country, and the Aegean Sea. The principal river flowing in Bulgaria is the Danube River. Other major rivers of Bulgaria are Iskar, vatcha, Struma, Mesta and Chepelarska. Lakes also form an important part of Bulgarian topography.
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