Idaho state has 44 counties within its administrative premises. The Idaho County Map shows the geographical position of all the state counties. Being governed by county seats, the Idaho counties represent an efficient form of local governance. Some of the counties of Idaho state along with the total population, as per the census of 2000 are:
- Boise county – 6670
- Valley county – 7651
- Madison county – 27, 467
- Ada county – 300, 904
- Payette county – 20, 578
- Canyon county – 131, 441
- Teton county – 5, 999
- Lewis county – 3747
- Benewah county – 9171
- Power county – 7538
- Clark county – 1022
- Jefferson county – 19, 155
- Adams county – 3476
- Twin Falls county – 64, 284
- Fremont county – 11, 819
- Lincoln county – 4044
- Washington county – 9977
- Idaho county – 15, 511
- Minidoka county – 20, 174
- Cassia county – 21, 416
- Oneida county – 4125
- Custer county – 4342
- Bear Lake county – 6411
- Owyhee county – 10, 644
- Gooding county – 14, 155
- Nez Perce county – 37, 410
- Bonner county – 36, 835
- Kootenai county – 108, 685
- Clearwater county - 8930
- Caribou county – 7304
