In Colombia, regions are categorized under two heads: the Andes and the lowlands. Natural
regions in Colombia are divided according to the physiography and the terrain of the land, which varies from one region to the other.
Andes of Colombia, which is also known as the mountain region, contains three mountain ranges, namely:
- Cordilla Central - The Cordilla Central is the highest among the ranges of Colombia. It is known to be one of the most formidable mountain ranges of the Andes. relief.
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Pico Cristobal is the highest peak in the Cordilla Central, which lies at an elevation of 5,776 meters.We also come across an active volcano known as Tolima, posited at a height of 5,215.
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In the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region, the Cordilla Central ascends above the snow line and presents a strong relief.
- Cordilla Occidental - The highest peak of Cordilla Occidental lies at a height of about 10,000 feet. But, it is noteworthy that the Cordilla Occidental contains convenient passes.With the range descending into the Caribbean coastal plain, Cordilla Occidental merges with the thick beds made by the rivers flowing through the territory.
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- Cordilla Oriental - The Cordilla Oriental is among the regions in Colombia that has a complex structure that is composed of the short and non-continuous ridges. In the middle of the Cordilla Oriental range the short ridges run almost parallel to each other, especially near Bogota.
The lowlands are among the other regions at Colombia. The lowland that lies in the Caribbean coastline contains the low-lying flat lands. These flats lands that form an important part of the regions of Colombia are made up of the sediments accumulated by the Magdalena, Cauca and other rivers. The lowlands of Colombia are a stretch of alluvial plains that is interspersed with smaller hills and spurs of the Andes Mountains.
