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The Republic of Turkey is located in Eurasia, on the Anatolian peninsula and East Thrace. Turkey’s location on the edge of Western Asia and Southeastern Europe makes it an important gateway between the two continents.
Turkey borders a total of eight countries, some in Europe and others in Asia: Bulgaria, Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. The capital of Turkey is Ankara, which is located in northwestern Turkey and is only the second largest city, after Istanbul. Istanbul, which is located in the west, straddling the Bosphorus, was the capital of Turkey before it became a republic.
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces, each headquartered in its capital, known as the central district. Most provinces are named for their central district. The most populous provinces in Turkey are Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Bursa, and Andana.
| Province | Population | Area(km.²) | Area(mi.²) | Old capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adana | 2,006,650 | 12,788 | 4,937 | Seyhan |
| Adıyaman | 582,762 | 7,614 | 2,940 | |
| Afyonkarahisar | 701,572 | 14,230 | 5,494 | Afyon |
| Agri | 530,879 | 11,376 | 4,392 | Karakose |
| Aksaray | 366,109 | 7,626 | 2,944 | |
| Amasya | 328,674 | 5,520 | 2,131 | |
| Ankara | 4,466,756 | 25,706 | 9,925 | Angora |
| Antalya | 1,789,295 | 20,591 | 7,950 | Adalia |
| Ardahan | 112,721 | 5,576 | 2,153 | |
| Artvin | 168,092 | 7,436 | 2,871 | |
| Aydın | 946,971 | 8,007 | 3,092 | |
| Balıkesir | 1,118,313 | 14,292 | 5,518 | |
| Bartın | 182,131 | 2,140 | 826 | |
| Batman | 472,487 | 4,694 | 1,812 | |
| Bayburt | 76,609 | 3,652 | 1,410 | |
| Bilecik | 203,777 | 4,307 | 1,663 | |
| Bingol | 251,552 | 8,125 | 3,137 | Capakcur |
| Bitlis | 327,886 | 6,707 | 2,590 | |
| Bolu | 270,417 | 10,037 | 3,875 | |
| Burdur | 251,181 | 6,887 | 2,659 | |
| Bursa | 2,439,876 | 10,963 | 4,233 | Brusa |
| Canakkale | 476,128 | 9,737 | 3,759 | |
| Cankırı | 174,012 | 7,388 | 2,853 | |
| Corum | 549,828 | 12,820 | 4,950 | |
| Denizli | 907,325 | 11,868 | 4,582 | |
| Diyarbakır | 1,460,714 | 15,355 | 5,929 | |
| Duzce | 323,328 | 1,014 | 392 | |
| Edirne | 396,462 | 6,276 | 2,423 | Adrianople |
| Elazıg | 541,258 | 9,153 | 3,534 | |
| Erzincan | 213,538 | 11,903 | 4,596 | |
| Erzurum | 784,941 | 25,066 | 9,678 | |
| Eskisehir | 724,849 | 13,652 | 5,271 | |
| Gaziantep | 1,560,023 | 6,207 | 2,397 | |
| Giresun | 417,505 | 6,934 | 2,677 | |
| Gumushane | 130,825 | 6,575 | 2,539 | |
| Hakkari | 246,469 | 7,121 | 2,749 | Colemerik |
| Hatay | 1,386,224 | 5,403 | 2,086 | Antioch (Antakya, Antioquia) |
| Igdir | 181,866 | 3,539 | 1,366 | |
| Isparta | 419,845 | 8,933 | 3,449 | |
| İstanbul | 12,573,836 | 5,220 | 2,015 | Constantinople |
| İzmir | 3,739,353 | 11,973 | 4,623 | Smyrna |
| Kahramanmaraş | 1,004,414 | 14,327 | 5,532 | Maras |
| Karabuk | 218,463 | 4,074 | 1,573 | |
| Karaman | 226,049 | 9,163 | 3,538 | |
| Kars | 312,205 | 9,442 | 3,646 | |
| Kastamonu | 360,366 | 13,108 | 5,061 | Kostambul |
| Kayseri | 1,165,088 | 16,917 | 6,532 | |
| Kilis | 118,457 | 1,338 | 517 | |
| Kırıkkale | 280,234 | 4,365 | 1,685 | |
| Kırklareli | 333,256 | 6,550 | 2,529 | |
| Kırsehir | 223,170 | 6,570 | 2,537 | |
| Kocaeli | 1,437,926 | 3,626 | 1,400 | İzmit, Ismid |
| Konya | 1,959,082 | 38,157 | 14,733 | |
| Kutahya | 583,910 | 11,875 | 4,585 | |
| Malatya | 722,065 | 12,313 | 4,754 | |
| Manisa | 1,319,920 | 13,810 | 5,332 | |
| Mardin | 745,778 | 8,891 | 3,433 | |
| Mersin | 1,595,938 | 15,853 | 6,121 | İcel |
| Mugla | 766,156 | 13,338 | 5,150 | |
| Mus | 405,509 | 8,196 | 3,164 | |
| Nevsehir | 280,058 | 5,467 | 2,111 | |
| Nigde | 331,677 | 7,312 | 2,823 | |
| Ordu | 715,409 | 6,001 | 2,317 | |
| Osmaniye | 452,880 | 3,320 | 1,282 | |
| Rize | 316,252 | 3,920 | 1,514 | Coruh |
| Sakarya | 835,222 | 4,817 | 1,860 | Adapazarı |
| Samsun | 1,228,959 | 9,579 | 3,698 | |
| Sanlıurfa | 1,523,099 | 18,584 | 7,175 | Urfa |
| Siirt | 291,528 | 5,406 | 2,087 | |
| Sinop | 198,412 | 5,862 | 2,263 | |
| Sırnak | 416,001 | 7,172 | 2,769 | |
| Sivas | 638,464 | 28,488 | 10,999 | |
| Tekirdag | 728,396 | 6,218 | 2,401 | |
| Tokat | 620,722 | 9,958 | 3,845 | |
| trabzon | 740,569 | 4,685 | 1,809 | |
| Tunceli | 84,022 | 7,774 | 3,002 | Kalan |
| Usak | 334,115 | 5,341 | 2,062 | |
| Van | 979,671 | 19,069 | 7,363 | |
| Yalova | 181,758 | 674 | 260 | |
| Yozgat | 492,127 | 14,123 | 5,453 | |
| Zonguldak | 615,890 | 3,481 | 1,344 | |
| 81 provinces | 70,586,256 | 773,575 | 298,679 |
