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The difference in the climatic condition, rainfall and altitude are the deciding factors for the diversity in Venezuela flora and fauna.
Venezuela Flora
The Venezuela flora comprises tropical, evergreen and partially deciduous vegetation. Almost two fifth of the total surface area is covered with forests. Further, half of the land is covered with savanna grasslands. Tropical vegetation is predominant at an altitude lower than 1,500 feet . The Venezuela semitropical vegetation is another important aspect of the Venezuela flora and fauna. It is found at an altitude of 5,000 feet. This type of vegetation includes tree ferns and epiphytes like orchids.
The interior parts of the country have a transitional vegetation, where the selva mingles with the tall savanna vegetation. The diversity in the mangrove swamps on the other hand, are in complete contrast to the vegetation in the higher altitudes. These swamps are generally restricted to the Orinoco delta. Dense tropical forests are found in the southern Maracaibo basin. As it approaches the Caribbean, the vegetation is dominated by xerophytic scrub, grasses and woodlands.
The floral diversity in Venezuela is evident further up the Andean slopes, which give way to the mountain vegetation. The Venezuela mountain vegetation includes fern forests. Further up the slopes, at an altitude of 9,800 feet, the vegetation gets constricted to a a few alpine shrubs, lichens and a few trees.
Venezuela Fauna
The Venezuela Fauna is different in different regions of the country, depending on the suitability of the habitat. Climatic variations and availability of food are some of the determining factors of the distribution of Venezuela Fauna. There are 250 species of mammals that can be found in Venezuela , which include jaguars, monkey, sloth, manatee, puma, giant otter or the water wolf, two types of fresh water dolphins.
Ideal for ornithologists, Venezuela has 1,200 species of birds. The bird life in Venezuela is another important aspect of Venezuela flora and fauna. They comprise condor, hoatzin, parrot, oilbird, toucan, flamingo and pelican. Some of the Venezuela reptiles include five different species of cayman, rattlesnake, boa, common iguana and anaconda, which is considered to be the largest snake in the world. Custodians to some of the rare species of Venezuela flora and fauna, the topography of the country posits a colorful display.
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