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During the Iran-Iraq War, Syria and Iran alignment was isolated by the other Arab countries, with the exception of Libya. Here begins the alliance of Iran and Syria.
Iran and Syria have had an alliance ever since, based partly on their common enmity towards Saddam Hussein. Although the two countries differ hugely on the basis of religion that is Shia versus Sunni, ethnic identity is also different which is Persian versus Arab. They needed one another for an ally settlement.
The defense ministers of Iran and Syria signed an agreement for military cooperation against "common threats" decided by Israel and the United States on June 16, 2006 . Though the agreement details were not revealed, yet according to the Iranian defense minister Najjar said that his country considers Syrian national security to be its own concern. The visit also enacted the sale of Iranian military hardware to Syria.
Iranian relations with the Arab countries that also include Syria have always been very mixed and varied. Within the Middle East historical controversies have always colored. This affected the neighboring Arab countries' outlook towards Iran. At times peacefully alliances, while at other times in bitter conflict and battles. North African Arabs countries from the Greater Middle East have most of the times enjoyed closer relations with Iran. This was largely due to the fact that there has been very limited historical relation between them and Iran.
National security is ensured increasing influence among its Arab neighbors is also enhancing. Achieving a comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace settlement, which includes the retrovert of the Golan Heights, are the primary goals of President Bashar al-Assad's foreign policy.
Iran Syria relation yet not seen much of controversy and conflict until the future foreign policies are peacefully done.
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