| Melbourne 1956 Medals Table | |||
| Country | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| USSR | 37 | 29 | 32 |
| United States of America | 32 | 25 | 17 |
| Australia | 13 | 8 | 14 |
| Hungary | 9 | 10 | 7 |
| Italy | 8 | 8 | 9 |
| Sweden | 8 | 5 | 6 |
| United Team of Germany (1956,1960,1964) | 6 | 13 | 7 |
| Great Britain | 6 | 7 | 11 |
| Romania | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| Japan | 4 | 10 | 5 |
| France | 4 | 4 | 6 |
| Turkey | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Finland | 3 | 1 | 11 |
| Iran | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Canada | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| New Zealand | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Poland | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Czechoslovakia | 1 | 4 | 1 |
| Bulgaria | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| Denmark | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Ireland | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Norway | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Mexico | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| India | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Brazil | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Yugoslavia | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Chile | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Belgium | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Argentina | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Korea | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Iceland | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Pakistan | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| South Africa | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Austria | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Bahamas | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Greece | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Uruguay | 0 | 0 | 1 |
