The main objectives of the GIS are: to maximize the efficiency of decision making and planning, provide efficient means for data distribution and handling, eradication of the duplicated data, integration of information from many sources, analysis of queries involving geographical reference data for generation of new information, update data quickly and at the minimum cost.
A GIS can answer five generic questions for any application. They are:
- Location: The question seeks to find about the particular location. The answer to this question tells us about the location of any particular object in terms of XY coordinates or latitude/ longitude.
- Condition: The answer to this question informs where the certain enlisted conditions are satisfied.
- Trends: This question seeks to find out what has changed since? And the answer find noticeable difference incurred within a particular time period.
- Pattern: It is about various spatial patterns, which exist. GIS answer this logical question by giving information about the distribution of spatial features and reasons behind that distribution.
- Modeling: It is about hypothetical problems, what if…?
