Estonia Natural Vegetation

Estonia natural vegetation can be divided mainly into forest vegetation, grassland vegetation and mire vegetation. Estonia falls in the southern part of the Boreal forest region. A number of terrestrial plants grow in this region.

The major vegetation of Estonia includes a wide variety of natural cover of bogs, ferns, drained peatlands, grasslands, orchards as well as gardens. Since the Continental Ice Belt eroded a major part of Northern and western parts of Estonia, so the vegetation is this part chiefly consist of thin layers of alvars.

Estonia natural vegetation in the western part is full of wooded meadows, reedbeds, wooded meadows and floodplains. A large number of vascular plants are found in the wooded meadows of Western Estonia. There are about 70 species of such plants in this region. Other vegetation of Western Estonia includes angiosperms, ferns and gymnosperms.

The sedge and grass species are also found in abundance in Estonia. During the summer season, the vegetation in Estonia mainly witnesses growth of orchids such as blood-red geranium, viper grass, common cow-wheat and so on. The grassland vegetation in Estonia is somewhat semi-natural in nature.

The mire vegetation or the peatlands almost cover one-fourth of Estonia. It chiefly consists of bogs, sphagna, heather, marsh tea, cloudberry, marsh andromeda and many more.