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INTRODUCTION
The Federation of Nigeria on the south coast of West Africa is one of Africa's most populous nations and
comprises of 250 tribal groups.
Location of Nigeria
Nigeria is bound by Cameroon to the east, Chad to the northeast, Niger to the north, Benin to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south.
Flora And Fauna of Nigeria
In the low-lying coastal regions, mangroves are found while swamp forest are found where the water is fresh. Farther inland, this vegetation gives way to tropical forest, with its many species of tropical hardwoods, including mahogany, iroko, and obeche.
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The fauna of Nigeria includes elephants, buffaloes, lions, leopards, smaller animals such as antelope, monkeys, jackals, and hyenas, which are found in abundance. Hippopotamuses and crocodiles are still common in the largest rivers. Birds, including species that migrate seasonally between Africa and Europe, are also abundant in Nigeria.
Physical Map of Nigeria
The ecology of the country varies from tropical forest in the south to dry savanna in the far north, yielding a diverse mix of plant and animal life. About two-thirds of Nigeria lies in the watershed of the Niger River, which empties in to the Atlantic at the Niger Delta, and its major tributaries: the Benue in the northeast, the Kaduna in the west, the Sokoto in the northwest, and the Anambra in the southeast.
Climate of Nigeria
The climate of Nigeria is tropical in nature, which is occasionally subjected to variations, depending on the rainfall. During summers, major portion of the country comes under the influence of moisture-laden tropical maritime air. Temperatures are high throughout the year, averaging from 25° to 28°C. In the higher elevations of the Jos Plateau, temperature is at an average of 22°C. Northern Nigeria experiences greater temperature extremes than the south. Rainfall varies widely over short distances from year to year.
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