Information on Yemen, Its Geography & History

Introduction :

•  Full name: Republic of Yemen.

•  Capital City: Sana'a.

•  Language: Arabic.

•  Currency: Yemeni Riyal.

•  Religion: Muslim-Sunni and Shiite.

•  National Anthem: “United Republic” written in Arabic and beginning with the words “Raddidi Ayyatuha 'D-dunya Nashidi”.

•  Newspaper: Saba, Yemen Observer and Yemen Times, Al Ayyam, Al Thawra.

•  Places to Visit: Sana'a, Bait Baus, Wadi Dhahr, Thula - Hababah, Al-Khokha, Al-Djanad – Mosque, Wadi Doan, Aden, Habban,.

•  Transport: Airways:- there are international airports in Sana'a, Aden and other cities; Highways; Ports:-Aden and Al Hudaydah are the chief ones.

•  Shopping: pottery, basket weaving, beadworks, ceramics, enameled paintings, embroidery works, matting, artistic glass works, lace-making, leather works and handicrafts of shells.

Formerly under the Ottoman Empire, Yemen gained independence in 1918. The name of the country supposedly has several sources. According to the legends, it is said to have been derived from an old Arabic word – ‘Al-Yumn' – meaning ‘grace' or ‘prosperity'.

Location of Yemen : the country of Yemen lies in the southwest of Asia, better known as the Middle-East.

It lies to one side of the Arabian Peninsula. The neighboring countries of Yemen are Oman and Saudi Arabia. It is surroundes by the water bodies of Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden and is separated from the Continent of Africa by the Bab el Mandeb strait.

Physical Map of Yemen : Yemen consists of diversity in landscape. It has coasts, deserts, mountains, rocky land and also plain stretches of land. There are no perennial water bodies in Yemen. However, there are some seasonal ones. Off the coast of Yemen are a few islands too which form a part of the country. These are: Socotra, Perim and Kamaran. Yemen is surrounded in by the water bodies of Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Climate of Yemen : Yemen generally boasts of a desert climate – it is typically hot and dry with temperatures rocketing to even 100°s. However, there is a change in the climate which depends on the landscape as well. For example, it is hot and humid along the coast; moderate in the mountains due to regular rains and hot and dry in the desert. Yemen has two rainy spells; one between April and May and the other between July and September.

Flora and Fauna of Yemen : the flora in Yemen comprises of sparse vegetation near the coast and dense vegetation as the land proceeds towards higher land. The chief of the trees that grow in Yemen are the date palms, Judas tree and acacias. The land is blessed with an abundance of fruits as well. Some of them are euphorbia, grapes, spurge and custard apple. The land of Yemen is plentiful in herbs too. Two of the most famous ones are balsam and basil. The fauna of the land forms a rich and diverse list of gazelles, baboons and leopards. Another unique species of fauna is the mountain hare. The avian fauna too forms a pretty inventory consisting of hornbills, vultures, honey suckers, hawks, parrots, ravens, bustards and weaver finches.

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