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The rebellion of the noble brothers Peter and Asen to oust the dominance of the Byzantine Empire over Bulgaria paid off in 1202 when Tsar Kaloian signed a peace treaty achieving the independence of Bulgaria. The consolidation of the western border was achieved by signing a treaty with Rome. After the Magyars were driven out, Bulgarian territory stretched from the Black Sea to the Adriatic.
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The independence of the country from the Byzantine Empire was a major factor in the development of trade and commerce of Bulgaria. The commercial prosperity brought economic stability to the country. All these factors contributed to the commencement of the Second Bulgarian Golden Age. The flourish of literature, art, architecture, culture symbolized the Second Golden Age in Bulgaria.
